Leading Sinologist of Kazakhstan. In 1981 he graduated from the Higher School of the KGB of the USSR. F.E. Dzerzhinsky. In 1987 he defended his thesis on the topic “The political role of the working class in the PRC (1949-1957).” In 1995 he defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic “Regulation of Interethnic Relations in the PRC: Theory and Practice (50s – 80s).” Academician of the Academy of Political Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kazakhstan Academy of Social Sciences. Professor Emeritus, Xinjiang University.
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